Alongside Steve Smith, Khawaja is one of two remaining members of the Australia team beaten by England in their last series win in this country in 2010-11.
Khawaja has made 6,206 Test runs at an average of 43.39, with 16 hundreds.
He needs 30 runs in his final Test to go above Mike Hussey into 14th on Australia’s all-time run-scorers list, just behind the great Donald Bradman in 13th.
Khawaja played the last of his 40 one-day internationals in July 2019, having scored 1,554 runs at 42. He played in nine T20 internationals, scoring 241 runs at 26.77.
Now playing domestically for Queensland, Khawaja will end his career on the ground that was his home when he first played professional cricket for New South Wales in 2008.
Often in and out of the Australia team across his Test career, he found a home at the top of the order during the previous home Ashes in 2021-22.
However, his place came under scrutiny during this series after he suffered back spasms in the first Test that prevented him from opening.
Travis Head took Khawaja’s place in the second innings and made a swashbuckling century to lead Australia to an eight-wicket win.
Khawaja subsequently missed the second Test with the back problem and was due to be left out of the third, only to receive a late call-up when Steve Smith fell ill.
He made scores of 82 and 40 in Adelaide to retain his place in the fourth Test.
After the Ashes Australia will not play another Test until August, by which time Khawaja will be almost 40.
Australia lead the current Ashes series 3-1. The final Test starts on Sunday (23:30 GMT, Saturday).