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Feb. 11 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s National Police Agency is moving to dismantle a metropolitan-level intelligence structure created under the previous administration and restore intelligence units at local police stations, prompting renewed concerns about broad surveillance of civilians and “dragnet” information gathering.

Critics said the plan clashes with the broader push to reform powerful state institutions, particularly after South Korea abolished the National Intelligence Service’s domestic intelligence functions. Civic groups urged stronger outside oversight and called for curbs on police intelligence work.

Concerns intensified after the police agency said Monday it plans to replace the bottom 15% of officers in performance evaluations for intelligence police. Some officers said the policy could encourage quantity-driven reporting rather than careful, limited collection.

“If the volume of intelligence becomes the basis for evaluation, there will be pressure to put even wide-ranging trends into reports,” an intelligence officer said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Police station intelligence units have historically tracked local “trends” across political and social fields, with some critics alleging they expanded monitoring to civic groups and individuals. Past controversies over civilian surveillance helped drive efforts to reduce the size and role of intelligence police, with many station-level units later disbanded or scaled back and reorganized into a metropolitan system.

The National Police Agency has argued that strengthening foreign affairs and intelligence functions is needed to combat transnational crime, citing incidents such as the “Cambodia case” last year. Late last year, the National Police Commission approved a plan to revert metropolitan intelligence teams back to police station intelligence units.

Officers said the change could also strengthen the influence of station chiefs, who under the metropolitan system did not directly oversee intelligence officers assigned to provincial police agencies. With station-level units returning, officers said some chiefs could effectively regain their own internal intelligence teams.

The Police Reform Network, a coalition that includes the People’s Solidarity for Participatory Democracy, said in a statement Tuesday that authorities must clearly explain how standards, reporting and management systems would change if station-level intelligence units are restored.

A National Police Agency official said safeguards are already in place following a 2021 reform, including rules defining the scope of intelligence activities under presidential decree and potential criminal penalties for violating political neutrality obligations.

The official said compliance officers conduct routine inspections and training and described the performance-based personnel pool as a measure aimed at screening out individuals deemed problematic in the past.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Original Korean report: https://www.asiatoday.co.kr/kn/view.php?key=20260211010004272