Smithsonian

A famous Civil War-era photo of an escaped slave who had been savagely whipped. Displays detailing how more than 120,000 U.S. citizens of Japanese ancestry were forcibly imprisoned during WWII. Signs describing the effects of climate change on the coast of Maine.

In recent months, a small army of historians, librarians, scientists and other volunteers has fanned out across America’s national parks and museums to photograph and painstakingly archive cultural and intellectual treasures they fear are under threat from President Trump’s war against “woke.”

These volunteers are creating a “citizen’s record” of what exists now in case the administration carries out Trump’s orders to scrub public signs and displays of language he and his allies deem too negative about America’s past.

More than 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry were forcibly relocated and incarcerated in camps during World War II, including these Japanese Americans seen at Manzanar in the Owens Valley in 1942.

(LA Library)

“My deepest, darkest fear,” said Georgetown University history professor Chandra Manning, who helped organize an effort dubbed Citizen Historians for the Smithsonian, is that the administration plans to “rewrite and falsify who counts as an American.”

In March, Trump issued an executive order entitled “Restoring Truth and Sanity to American History” arguing that, over the past decade, signs and displays at museums and parks across the country have been distorted by a “widespread effort to rewrite our Nation’s history,” replacing facts with liberal ideology.

“Under this historical revision,” he wrote, “our Nation’s unparalleled legacy of advancing liberty, individual rights, and human happiness is reconstructed as inherently racist, sexist, oppressive, or otherwise irredeemably flawed.”

He ordered the National Parks Service and The Smithsonian to scrub their displays of content that “inappropriately disparages Americans” living or dead, and replace it with language that celebrates the nation’s greatness.

The Collins Bible — a detailed family history recorded by Richard Collins, a formerly enslaved man — is seen at the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C.

(Kent Nishimura/Los Angeles Times)

That’s when Manning’s colleague at Georgetown University, James Millward, who specializes in Chinese history, told her, “this seems really eerie,” Manning recalled. It reminded him of the Chinese Communist Party’s dictates to “tell China’s story well,” which he said was code for censorship and falsification.

So the professors reached out to friends and discovered that there were like-minded folks across the country working like “monks” in the Middle Ages, who painstakingly copied ancient texts, to photograph and preserve what they regarded as national treasures.

“There’s a human tradition of doing exactly this,” Manning said. “It feels gratifying to be a part of that tradition, it makes me feel less isolated and less alone.”

Jenny McBurney, a government documents librarian at the University of Minnesota, said she found Trump’s language “quite dystopian.” That’s why she helped organize an effort called Save Our Signs, which aims to photograph and preserve all of the displays at national parks and monuments.

The sprawling network includes Manzanar National Historic Site, where Japanese American civilians were imprisoned during the Second World War; Fort Sumter National Monument, where Confederates fired the first shots of the Civil War; Ford’s Theater National Historic Site in Washington, D.C., where Abraham Lincoln was assassinated; and the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historic Park.

It would be difficult to tell those stories without disparaging at least some dead Americans — such as the assassins John Wilkes Booth and James Earl Ray — or violating Trump’s order to focus on America’s “unmatched record of advancing liberty, prosperity and human flourishing.”

At Acadia National Park in Maine, where the rising sun first hits the U.S. coast for much of the year, signs describing the effect of climate change on rising seas, storm surge and intense rain have already been removed.

McBurney doesn’t want volunteers to try to anticipate the federal government’s next moves and focus only on displays they think might be changed, she wants to preserve everything, “good, bad, negative or whatever,” she said in a recent interview. “As a librarian, I like complete sets of things.”

And if there were a complete archive of every sign in the national park system in private hands — out of the reach of the current administration — there would always be a “before” picture to look back at and see what had changed.

“We don’t want this information to just disappear in the dark,” McBurney said.

Another group, the Data Rescue Project, is hard at work filling private servers with at-risk databases, including health data from the Centers for Disease Control, climate data from the Environmental Protection Agency and the contents of government websites, many of which have been subject to the same kind of ideological scrubbing threatened at parks and museums.

Both efforts were “a real inspiration,” Manning said, as she and Millward pondered what they could do to contribute to the cause.

Then, in August, apparently frustrated by the lack of swift compliance with its directives, the Trump administration sent a formal letter to Lonnie G. Bunch III, the first Black Secretary of the Smithsonian, setting a 120-day limit to “begin implementing content corrections.”

Days later, President Trump took to Truth Social, the media platform he owns, to state his case less formally.

“The Smithsonian is OUT OF CONTROL,” he wrote, “everything discussed is how horrible our Country is, how bad Slavery was, and how unaccomplished the downtrodden have been.”

Even though the Smithsonian celebrates American astronauts, military heroes and sports legends, Trump complained that the museums offered nothing about the “success” and “brightness” of America, concluding with, “We have the “HOTTEST” Country in the World, and we want people to talk about it.”

People visit the Smithsonian Museum of American History on the National Mall in Washington.

(Pablo Martinez Monsivais / Associated Press)

Immediately, Manning and Millward knew where they would focus.

They sent emails to people they knew, and reached out to neighborhood listservs, asking if anyone wanted to help document the displays at the 21 museums that make up the Smithsonian Institution — including the American History Museum and the Natural History Museum — the National Zoo and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

Within about two weeks, they had 600 volunteers. Before long, the group had grown to over 1,600, Manning said, more people than they could assign galleries and exhibitions to.

“A lot of people feel upset and kind of paralyzed by these repeated assaults on our shared resources and our shared institutions,” Manning said, “and they’re really not sure what to do about it.”

With the help of all the volunteers, and a grad student, Jessica Dickenson Goodman, who had the computer skills to help archive their submissions, the Citizen Historians project now has an archive of over 50,000 photos and videos covering all of the sites. They finished the work Oct. 12, which was when the museums closed because of the government shutdown.

After several media outlets reported on the order to remove the photo of the whipped slave from the Fort Pulaski National Monument in Georgia — citing internal emails and people familiar with deliberations who spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to comment publicly — administration officials described the reports as “misinformation” but declined to specify which part was incorrect.

A National Parks Service spokesperson did not respond to requests for comment for this story.

But the possibility that the administration is considering removing the Scourged Back photo is precisely what has prompted Manning, and so many others, to dedicate their time to preserving the historical record.

“I think we need the story that wrong sometimes exists and it is possible to do something about it,” Manning said.

The man in the photo escaped, joined the Union army, and became part of the fight to abolish slavery in the United States. If a powerful image like that disappears from public display, “we rob ourselves of the reminder that it’s possible to do something about the things that are wrong.”

WASHINGTON, Oct. 21 (UPI) — When Kathryn Jones began to visit Washington’s museums in January, she didn’t plan to make it her full-time pursuit. But after 112 exhibits and hundreds of hours spent inside the Smithsonian’s galleries, she discovered the miracle of the exhibits’ free access.

Somewhere between the Smithsonian American History Museum’s “America on the Move” display and the Postal Museum’s overlooked treasures, Jones found herself on a journey to read every sign and description at every museum as she took in the exhibits.

Jones’ quest reshaped her understanding of curiosity and the quiet power of public learning. “I think the more that we know, the more stories we hear, the better we can empathize with other people and problem-solve ourselves,” she said.

Now, as the doors to the Smithsonian museums remain closed amid the government shutdown, Jones and others like her are left waiting outside, reminded of what the city, and the nation, loses when history is temporarily out of reach.

Jones, a 33-year-old marketing and project management professional, started at Washington’s museums in January as a personal challenge during a career break, but that quickly turned into an ambitious exploration of the Smithsonian Institution.

“I had taken the time off just to kind of figure out what brought me joy, and I really need structure to function,” said Jones, who once served in the Peace Corps in Ukraine.

The Smithsonian is the world’s largest museum complex, encompassing 21 museums, galleries, gardens and the National Zoo. With all Smithsonian museums free in the District of Columbia — and clustered within a short walk of each other along or near the National Mall — they offer the public access to an extraordinary range of art, science and history.

“I don’t know of anywhere else in the world that there is that large of a concentration of museums that are free,” Jones said.

Since she began her journey, Jones has explored 112 exhibits — individual displays within museums that organize artifacts, stories and multimedia around a shared theme. The longest for Jones, at nearly three hours, was the “America on the Move” exhibit at the National Museum of American History.

“The more that I visit museums, the more I realize just how everything is connected,” Jones said, noting how a single object might weave through several branches of history.

For example, she told UPI the story of the Hope Diamond. It was donated by Harry Winston, the “King of Diamonds,” in 1958 to display at the Natural History Museum with French Crown Jewels. The diamond’s original mailing package is preserved across town at the Postal Museum, which still serves as a working post office.

She pointed out that the Southern Railway No. 1401 steam locomotive at the American History Museum was built directly into the museum and still rests on its tracks due to its large size. It played a ceremonial role in transporting President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s funeral train in 1945.

At the Postal Museum, she was struck by letters and a mailbox preserved from the 2001 anthrax attacks. The bacterium was sent to media figures in Washington, New York, Florida and elsewhere, and five people died.

In the historic building that houses both the American Art Museum and the National Portrait Gallery, she discovered that the top floor once displayed patent models when the space served as the U.S. Patent Office.

Jones also said she loved the hidden connections within the Smithsonian. For example, the Asian Art and African Art museums are linked by underground tunnels, where a sprawling mural leads visitors through time.

The “very bottom level is a trick of the eye mural that takes visitors from ancient times to the first national museum, which is now the arts and industry building,” Jones explained.

For Jones, these connections reveal how different disciplines and stories echo across time.

To many visitors, the Smithsonian’s free admission policy is central to what makes it extraordinary. Funded largely through federal support and philanthropy, the system embodies a belief that education, history and art should be available to all.

Residents like Jones find this accessibility turned Washington into a living classroom, where anyone can walk from the National Air and Space Museum to the African American History and Culture Museum to encounter entire worlds of knowledge in an afternoon.

Now, with the museums temporarily closed, Jones and other enthusiasts find themselves at a loss. The silence of shuttered halls underscores what the city loses when its cultural core is inaccessible — not just a tourist attraction — but a shared public good.

The closures have prompted Jones to adapt her quest. She’s turned her attention to outdoor installations and plaques, such as outside the Natural History Museum. Even so, she misses the rhythm of discovery that came from stepping into each gallery and losing herself among artifacts and stories.

She said she sees her museum project not just as a pastime, but as a quiet form of public advocacy. She has documented her journey through the exhibits on Instagram and Tik Tok, which can be found @digitaldocent_ and @digitaldocent, respectively.

“I wanted to share the kind of information that would make someone feel more comfortable trying something they might otherwise not know a bunch about,” Jones said.

Her work online, she reported, has inspired others to see museums as approachable spaces rather than academic ones, and that these stories are often hopeful and helped her worldview become even more open-minded.

“For me, they make me feel small, but like, in a good way. They kind of remind me I’m part of something bigger, and it’s going to be fine, even though it is so chaotic right now,” she said.

As she waits for the museums to reopen, Jones’ mantra remains the same: “My goal is to make curiosity my routine.”

WASHINGTON, Oct. 12 (UPI) — The Smithsonian museums and research centers, along with the National Zoo, closed to the public Sunday for the first time during the federal government shutdown and are likely to remain closed until Congress reaches an agreement over national funding.

Though the shutdown officially began Oct. 1, outside funds from donations and endowments allowed a brief extension. Now, its administrators said, the Smithsonian complex must cease public operations until a budget deal.

The closures affect what had been one of the most accessible forms of public education and sightseeing in the United States With 21 museums, 14 research centers and the National Zoo, the Smithsonian is the largest museum and research network in the world.

The absence of open museums cast a palpable gloom over the capital. Though the weekend brought rainy weather that may have suppressed tourism anyway, the lack of activity around the National Mall left the area unusually quiet.

Washington’s reputation as a destination for cultural visitors has long been tied to its museums, and their closure underscores how dependent the city is on federal operations and how vulnerable that model becomes in shutdowns.

Moreover, many district residents work at various Smithsonian complexes, and the shutdown means a majority of Smithsonian staff members have been furloughed. Some essential operations, like at the National Zoo, must continue for animal care, using existing reserves.

The 163-acre public zoo is home to more than 2,200 animals. The private Conservation Biology Institute is in Front Royal Va., 73 miles away. The two employ in total more than 300 staff members and scientists.

For residents and tourists, the museums and zoo had been a “free of cost” option for learning and cultural engagement.

Most of its museums cluster along or near the National Mall, with several other in the D.C. metro area and two facilities in New York City — also closed because of the shutdown.

The portfolio includes institutions devoted to natural history, air and space, African American history and culture, American art and many specialized fields.

In addition to public galleries and exhibitions, the Smithsonian operates research and education centers. These focus on areas like the cnservation Institute, tropical research Institute and conservation biology.