Korea

Jan. 9 (Asia Today) — The U.S. Eighth Army and South Korea’s Army Ground Forces Command have launched a permanent combined ground forces component command that will lead joint ground operations planning and begin training during the Freedom Shield combined exercise in March, South Korea’s Joint Chiefs of Staff said.

The new organization, described by the Joint Chiefs of Staff as a combined ground forces component command, will develop joint operational plans and conduct combined exercises and training with the commander of South Korea’s Army Ground Forces Command serving as the commander, the military said.

The South Korea-U.S. Permanent Military Committee approved the permanent establishment of the command on Oct. 24 last year, the Joint Chiefs of Staff said. The organization then completed operational readiness preparations and began duties last month, shifting from a structure activated only in wartime to a peacetime command under South Korean Army leadership.

With the combined ground command now operating on a permanent basis, some U.S. personnel will be assigned to a combined staff and are expected to participate in joint planning and training beginning with the Freedom Shield exercise in March, the military said.

The move is part of the Lee Jae-myung administration’s effort to advance a conditions-based transfer of wartime operational control. South Korea and the United States have been working to make permanent six combined component commands under a future combined command structure that would be led by the South Korean military after the transfer, the Joint Chiefs of Staff said.

Combined component commands for the Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps were made permanent in 2022, the military said. South Korea and the United States also plan to make permanent two additional combined component commands: one focused on special operations and another focused on military intelligence support operations, it added.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Jan. 9 (Asia Today) — South Korea on Thursday formally launched an intergovernmental consultative body to coordinate nuclear cooperation talks with the United States, including discussions tied to uranium enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing for peaceful commercial purposes, the Foreign Ministry said.

The ministry said the first inter-ministerial meeting was held Thursday under Lim Gap-soo, the government’s representative for South Korea-U.S. nuclear cooperation. The new task force will serve as the government’s main platform for preparing consultations and related negotiations with Washington to secure capabilities related to enrichment and reprocessing, the ministry said.

Eight institutions are participating: the Foreign Ministry, the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Climate, Energy and Environment, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety and Control and Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power. The National Security Office at the presidential office will act as the control tower, the ministry said.

“At this meeting of relevant ministries, we reviewed the roles and cooperation systems of each ministry regarding key issues and tasks related to enrichment and reprocessing, and exchanged views on the direction and plan for responding to consultations with the U.S.,” the Foreign Ministry said in a statement.

The ministry said it plans to hold periodic director-level meetings and working-level consultations to review key plans step by step and to pursue a whole-of-government approach aimed at shaping domestic and international conditions for securing enrichment and reprocessing capabilities for peaceful and commercial purposes.

Separately, the Foreign Ministry said it formed its own internal task force Monday to support Lim’s work, with three working-level officials assigned.

A ministry official said there could be multiple routes for cooperation, including revising the existing bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement, making limited amendments or reaching another arrangement. The official said communication with the United States is ongoing and consultations will begin once both sides are ready.

South Korea and the United States previously discussed security cooperation measures on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Gyeongju in October, including nuclear-powered submarines, enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing and defense spending, and released a joint fact sheet in November outlining the measures, the ministry said.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Jan. 9 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s industry minister Kim Jeong-kwan on Thursday urged U.S.-affiliated foreign-invested companies to continue expanding investment in South Korea, saying the government will work to reflect concerns raised by member companies of the American Chamber of Commerce in Korea in its policies.

Kim, the minister of Trade, Industry and Energy, made the remarks during a meeting with representatives of chamber member companies and U.S.-affiliated firms investing in South Korea at the Seoul Government Complex, the ministry said.

The meeting was held at the chamber’s request to review the domestic investment environment, discuss challenges faced by U.S.-affiliated firms and consider government support measures, the ministry said.

The session was the first formal communication event since the signing of what the ministry described as a South Korea-U.S. strategic investment memorandum of understanding in November and the proposal of a bill it called a special act on strategic investment management.

Kim thanked U.S. companies for what the ministry described as record-high investment in South Korea last year. The ministry cited figures showing U.S. investment fell from $8.7 billion in 2022 to $6.1 billion in 2023 and $5.2 billion in 2024, before rising 86.6% year-on-year to $9.77 billion in 2025.

Kim said the jump in U.S. investment came as South Korean corporate investment in the United States has been expanding following the conclusion of South Korea-U.S. tariff negotiations, calling it a symbolic outcome that reflects mutually beneficial investment cooperation.

“I consider all companies operating in Korea to be Korean companies, and especially value those investing in Korea,” Kim said, according to the ministry. He said the chamber and companies present were valuable partners.

Kim said he hopes to see continued investment in areas such as AI data centers, semiconductors and bio, adding that he wants this year to be one in which bilateral economic cooperation moves forward more dynamically.

AMCHAM Chairman James Kim said this year marks the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States and the 144th anniversary of South Korea-U.S. diplomatic relations, calling it a meaningful year, according to the ministry.

He said rapid advances in AI and shifts in the geopolitical environment have heightened the importance of the bilateral partnership for economic security and sustainable growth.

He also referenced CES 2026 in Las Vegas, saying South Korea ranked third globally in the scale of national participation and that South Korean companies won about 60% of this year’s CES Innovation Awards, with many of the winners being small and medium-sized enterprises, the ministry said.

Companies at the meeting shared views on item-specific tariff talks and on the operation of foreign investment incentive systems, the ministry said, adding it will review suggestions raised and continue communication with major foreign-invested companies.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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SEOUL, Jan. 9 (UPI) — South Korean President Lee Jae Myung flew to China this week for a summit with his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, for the second time in two months. Lee is the first president of the country to visit Beijing since 2019.

Lee said that the two leaders should meet at least once a year, stressing the significance of shoring up the bilateral relationship between the two neighbors, whose ties at times have been strained.

Observers point out that Lee’s meetings with Xi showcases Seoul’s delicate position amid the intensifying rivalry between the United States and China.

“Despite its security alignment with Washington, South Korea relies heavily on China for trade, although the dependence has declined somewhat in recent years. As a result, Seoul is in a delicate position,” Myungji University political science professor Shin Yul told UPI.

“In the past, there was a simple formula — the U.S. for security and China for trade. But at a time when the world’s two most powerful countries are at odds and conditions are changing so fast, such an approach may no longer work,” he said.

Relations between Seoul and Beijing became worse in 2016 and 2017, when South Korea cooperated with the United States to deploy the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, missile defense system to tackle North Korea’s threats.

However, the decision provoked China, which feared the advanced radar system would provide a window into the communist country’s internal airspace.

Beijing eventually initiated with what Seoul described as unofficial economic retaliation, including restrictions on Korean cultural content, group tourism bans and regulatory pressure on Korean businesses operating in China.

Officially, however, Beijing has consistently denied taking retaliatory measures over the past decade. Against this backdrop, Lee expressed hope to deal with them during a meeting Tuesday with Chen Jining, Communist Party secretary of Shanghai.

“Korea-China relations will advance to an entirely new stage through this visit to China,” Lee said. “I believe this trip will serve as a valuable opportunity to resolve the minor frictions that existed in the past.”

Strategic ambiguity

Improved ties with China would offer short-term economic benefits for South Korea, as China is South Korea’s largest trading partner. Last year, South Korea’s exports to China totaled $130.81 billion, compared with $122.87 billion to the United States.

However, analysts caution that Seoul cannot prioritize relations with Beijing in isolation, as Beijing’s rivalry with the United States directly affects its core security alliance.

“We cannot closely collaborate with China in such sensitive industries as semiconductors and nuclear reactors,” economic commentator Kim Kyeong-joon, formerly vice chairman at Deloitte Consulting Korea, said in a phone interview.

“In addition, China is our competitor in many industries, including steel, automobiles, rechargeable batteries and petrochemicals. There have also been recurring conflicts over intellectual property issues between the two,” he added.

Concerns have grown among Korean corporations over technology leakage and imitation by their Chinese competitors, particularly in such high-tech sectors as semiconductors and displays.

In this climate, South Korea has little choice but to carefully balance its approach, said political commentator Choi Soo-young, who worked at the presidential house in the 2010s.

“We should shun a situation in which we are forced to single-handedly side with one of the two superpowers, the United States and China. That would be the worst-case scenario,” Choi said.

“In other words, we are required to maintain the so-called ‘strategic ambiguity.’ However, it is a tall task to achieve, as amply demonstrated by Japan’s case,” he said.

From the perspective of Seoul, strategic ambiguity refers to avoiding explicit alignment choices at a time when Washington and China have competing strategic interests, according to Choi.

China’s relationship with Japan has frayed in recent months amid geopolitical tensions, leading to economic standoffs with direct trade impacts.

For example, China imposed export restrictions on dual-use goods this month, targeting Japan. It also curbed exports of rare earth elements, which are vital to Japan’s electronics and automotive supply chains.

Meanwhile, the Seoul administration announced Friday that Lee is scheduled to visit Japan early next week for a summit with Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi.

Jan. 6 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s credit card delinquencies have climbed to near 2.5 trillion won ($1.7 billion), with hard-to-collect arrears of six months or more jumping 78% from a year earlier, raising concerns about card issuers’ earnings and asset quality.

Data from the Financial Supervisory Service’s financial statistics system showed overdue payments of one month or more at eight major card companies totaled 2.4084 trillion won ($1.66 billion) as of the end of September 2025, up about 11% from a year earlier, the report said. The total peaked at 2.5845 trillion won ($1.79 billion) at the end of March 2025 before edging lower.

The sharper risk signal was in longer-term delinquencies. Overdue balances of six months or more totaled 538.3 billion won ($372 million), up 78% year-on-year, the report said. Such debts are often treated as effectively uncollectible, and analysts said a rapid increase can drive higher bad-debt costs and volatility in card companies’ performance.

Long-term delinquencies accounted for 22.3% of total delinquencies, up from about 11% at the start of 2025, the report said.

By issuer, Lotte Card posted the steepest increase in six-month-plus delinquencies, up 306% to 194.8 billion won ($135 million), the largest among the eight firms. The report attributed the rise to the reflection of delinquent debts linked to Homeplus entering corporate rehabilitation last March.

Other issuers’ six-month-plus delinquency balances were listed as BC Card at 41.7 billion won ($28.8 million), Shinhan Card at 98.5 billion won ($68.1 million), Hana Card at 77.7 billion won ($53.7 million), Hyundai Card at 27.5 billion won ($19.0 million), KB Kookmin Card at 30.1 billion won ($20.8 million), Samsung Card at 23.6 billion won ($16.3 million) and Woori Card at 40.9 billion won ($28.3 million), the report said.

Analysts linked the trend to heavier repayment burdens for vulnerable borrowers amid a slowing economy, high inflation and high interest rates. They also warned that rising card delinquencies can be an early risk indicator for household debt more broadly, since card loans and cash advances often serve as emergency funding for lower-income households.

An industry official said the rise suggests household finances have not fully recovered, but added that not all long-term overdue balances are uncollectible and that firms are managing receivables with recovery rates in mind.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Acting U.S. Ambassador to South Korea Kevin Kim has left his post in Seoul and returned to the United States, the foreign ministry said Wednesday, amid speculation he may be assigned a new role in the Trump administration related to Korea issues.

Kim’s departure came just about two months after he took up the post as charge d’affaires at the U.S. Embassy in Seoul in October last year.

Kim succeeded then acting U.S. Ambassador Joseph Yun after the position had remained vacant since former U.S. Ambassador to Seoul Philip Goldberg left the post early last year following the launch of the second Trump administration.

Kim recently informed Seoul officials he returned to the U.S., according to the foreign ministry.

Jim Heller, deputy chief of mission at the U.S. Embassy in Seoul, is expected to serve as charge d’affaires until a new ambassador is appointed.

Sources say that Kim could be tapped for a new role handling Korea-related issues, possibly a position tasked with implementing the summit agreements reached between the allies on security and other matters, or dealing with North Korea issues.

Kim has likely been named a senior adviser to Allison Hooker, U.S. under secretary of state for political affairs, a diplomatic source said. Both Hooker and Kim were deeply involved in nuclear negotiations with North Korea during Trump’s first term, when denuclearization talks were in full swing.

Prior to his posting in Seoul, Kim served as U.S. deputy assistant secretary of state for China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia and Taiwan at the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs.

Kim’s departure leaves the ambassadorial post in Seoul vacant once again. Goldberg assumed the position more than a year after the Biden administration took office. It took about 18 months for Ambassador Harry Harris to take up the post under Trump’s first term.

The missile test comes as President Lee Jae Myung arrives in Beijing to meet his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, their second in two months.

North Korea has launched multiple ballistic missiles off its east coast into the sea as South Korea’s leader begins a state visit to China in its first barrage of the new year.

According to South Korea’s military, the missiles launched at about 7:50am on Sunday (22:50 GMT on Saturday) flew about 900km (560 miles).

The military added that the country, as well as the United States, was “closely analysing the specifications” while “maintaining a full readiness posture”.

In a statement, the US forces for the Asia Pacific said the missile launches did not pose an “immediate threat to US personnel or territory, or to our allies”.

Japan also reported that at least two missiles had reached distances of 900km (560 miles) and 950km (590 miles).

“North Korea’s nuclear and missile development threatens the peace and stability of our country and the international society, and is absolutely intolerable,” Japan’s Defence Minister Shinjiro Koizumi told reporters.

The last time Pyongyang tested its ballistic missiles was on November 7.

According to North Korean state media, leader Kim Jong Un on Saturday called for the doubling of production capacity of tactical guided weapons while visiting a munitions factory.

In recent weeks, Kim has visited a series of weapons factories and a nuclear-powered submarine, overseeing missile tests in advance of the ninth party congress of the Workers’ Party, which will take place later this year and set out key policy goals.

Lim Eul-chul, a professor at the Institute for Far Eastern Studies in Seoul, told the Reuters news agency the launches from Pyongyang represented “a message to China to deter closer ties with South Korea and to counter China’s stance on denuclearisation”.

Lim added that it was North Korea sending a message of strength that they were different from Venezuela, after the US launched a series of attacks on Saturday and “captured” President Nicolas Maduro.

China visit

On Sunday morning, Chinese state broadcaster CCTV reported that South Korean President Lee Jae Myung had arrived in Beijing on a four-day visit.

Lee, accompanied by more than 200 South Korean business leaders, is expected to discuss supply chain investment, the digital economy and cultural exchanges.

The South Korean leader will meet his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, for their second meeting in just two months. According to analysts, the short frequency of the meetings signals Beijing’s interest in increasing economic collaboration and tourism.

Seoul has said peace on the Korean Peninsula would be on the agenda during the Beijing trip.

Lee’s trip comes at a time of heightened tensions between China and Japan after Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi said in November that her country’s military could get involved if China were to take action against Taiwan.

Before his trip, Lee gave an interview to CCTV, in which he assured that South Korea consistently respects the “One-China” policy when it comes to Taiwan. He said the healthy development of Beijing-Seoul relations depends on mutual respect. Lee also praised Xi as a “truly reliable neighbour”.

Jan. 1 (Asia Today) — South Korea will raise its median income standard by 6.5% this year, the largest increase on record, expanding eligibility for basic livelihood benefits and related support programs, the government said Wednesday.

The Ministry of Health and Welfare said the median income for a four-person household in 2026 will be set at 6,494,738 won per month ($4,900), up 6.51% from a year earlier. The higher benchmark will be used to calculate eligibility for benefits under the National Basic Living Security System.

Under the revised criteria, the selection threshold for a four-person household will rise to 2,078,316 won per month ($1,570), from 1,951,287 won last year. For a one-person household, the threshold will increase to 820,556 won ($620), up from 765,444 won.

Actual benefit payments are determined by subtracting a household’s recognized income from the applicable selection threshold, the ministry said.

The government will also expand income deductions aimed at encouraging youth employment and self-reliance. Eligibility for additional deductions on earned and business income will be extended from those aged 29 and under to those aged 34 and under. The maximum additional deduction will increase to 600,000 won ($450) from 400,000 won.

New special provisions will address state compensation payments. Lump-sum compensation received by beneficiaries who are victims of unlawful state actions will be excluded from asset calculations for three years, a move intended to prevent beneficiaries from losing eligibility due to compensation payouts.

The ministry said it will also tighten oversight of fraudulent benefit claims. Mandatory prosecution will apply to cases where recovered fraudulent payments exceed 10 million won ($7,500), and authorities will be required to submit prosecution results every six months to strengthen supervision and transparency.

Health and Welfare Minister Chung Eun-kyung said the changes are expected to add about 40,000 new recipients in 2026.

“We will continue to closely review and improve the system so that low-income citizens can live stable and dignified lives,” Chung said.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Jan. 1 (Asia Today) — Chinese President Xi Jinping and his wife sent New Year’s greetings to North Korean leader Kim Jong Un but North Korean state media gave the exchange scant attention and did not publish Xi’s message, according to diplomatic sources in Beijing.

The Korean Central News Agency mentioned Xi’s greeting in a roundup of messages from multiple foreign leaders, including Vietnam’s president and Myanmar’s interim president, the sources said. Rodong Sinmun, the newspaper of the ruling Workers’ Party, also carried the item in a brief reference placed low in its coverage.

Neither outlet disclosed the contents of Xi’s greeting, the sources said, in contrast with extensive coverage of Kim’s exchange with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

North Korea reported that Kim sent Putin a New Year’s message Saturday and published it on Rodong Sinmun’s front page, the sources said. North Korea also said Putin sent Kim a New Year’s message Thursday.

The sources said North Korea published the full text of New Year’s letters exchanged by Kim and Putin a year ago, underscoring what it portrayed as close ties between Pyongyang and Moscow.

The muted handling of Xi’s greeting comes despite signs of a thaw in North Korea-China relations after a summit in Beijing on Sept. 3 during China’s Victory Day anniversary events, the sources said. Even so, they said this year’s coverage suggested lingering frictions have not been fully resolved.

The sources said Kim also exchanged New Year’s greetings with Hur Jong-man, chairman of the General Association of Korean Residents in Japan. They added that the General Association of Koreans in China sent Kim a lengthy congratulatory message.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Jan. 2 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s presidential office said Friday it “respects the One China principle” after China urged Seoul to reaffirm its position on Taiwan ahead of President Lee Jae-myung’s planned visit to China.

National Security Office Director Wi Sung-lac told reporters at the Blue House that the government respects the One China principle and is responding in line with that stance.

China’s Foreign Ministry said Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi raised the issue during a phone call Wednesday with South Korean Foreign Minister Cho Hyun. Wang also criticized what he described as efforts by some political forces in Japan to revise history and downplay past aggression and colonialism, the ministry said.

The remarks were widely seen as pressure on Seoul to publicly restate its position before Lee’s trip.

China’s Foreign Ministry said Cho told Wang that Lee places importance on cooperation with China and is committed to developing the bilateral strategic cooperative partnership. Cho also said South Korea’s position of respecting the One China principle has not changed, the ministry said.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Dec. 31 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s Marine Corps will regain operational control of its 1st and 2nd divisions from the Army for the first time in 50 years under a Defense Ministry plan that would expand Marine Corps command authority and move toward what officials called a quasi-fourth-service structure.

Defense Minister Ahn Kyu-baek announced the reorganization plan Wednesday at a news conference at the Ministry of National Defense in Seoul. The plan keeps the Marine Corps under the Navy while strengthening the authority of the Marine Corps commandant to a level comparable to the Army, Navy and Air Force chiefs of staff, the ministry said.

Ahn said the overhaul is intended to “institutionally guarantee the independence and professionalism of the Marine Corps,” adding that the ministry will gradually return operational control of the 1st and 2nd Marine divisions to the service.

Under the plan, the 1st Marine Division will be removed from the Army’s 2nd Operations Command, with peacetime and wartime operational control returning to the Marine Corps by the end of 2026. The 2nd Marine Division would regain peacetime operational control by 2028, while wartime operational control would remain with the Capital Defense Command.

Ahn said the wartime control issue for the 2nd Marine Division will be reviewed over the medium to long term as the military evaluates restructuring and changes in capability, manpower and unit organization.

The ministry also said it is reviewing steps to expand promotion opportunities for Marine Corps officers to general-level posts. Rather than elevating the commandant position to full general, the ministry is considering allowing Marine officers to move into positions such as deputy commander of the ROK-U.S. Combined Forces Command or vice chief of the Joint Chiefs of Staff after completing a term as commandant.

The plan also includes establishing a separate Marine Corps Operations Command, a structure the service has not previously had. The ministry said it is considering upgrading the Northwest Islands Defense Command into a Marine Corps Operations Command aligned with the return of divisional operational control.

A three-star general is a leading candidate rank for the operations commander role, which would give the Marine Corps two three-star posts: the commandant and the operations commander. The commandant would handle administrative and logistics duties, while the operations commander would oversee operations and intelligence, the ministry said.

Ahn said Marine Corps personnel account for 5.7% of the total military but that the service has relatively few general officers. He said the ministry will seek to secure the Marine Corps share by adjusting general officer positions in units directly under the ministry rather than increasing the overall military quota.

The Defense Ministry said it will also accelerate capability upgrades for the Marine Corps, noting budgets have been allocated for 10 areas including firepower, protection and detection radar. It said it will expand placement of Marine personnel in higher-level units such as the Joint Chiefs of Staff and rename the Marine headquarters building to strengthen its symbolic significance.

Ahn said the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps will operate as a joint force to build what he called a trusted advanced military.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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A U.S. Army squadron tasked with a reconnaissance mission in South Korea was deactivated last month, a congressional report showed Thursday, amid speculation that Washington could consider a troop drawdown in the allied country in a force posture adjustment.

The 5th Air Cavalry Squadron, 17th Cavalry Regiment (5-17 ACS) at Camp Humphreys, a key U.S. base in Pyeongtaek, some 60 kilometers south of Seoul, ceased its operation on Dec. 15, a recent Congressional Research Service (CRS) report said, citing information from the U.S. Army. It had served in Korea to support the 2nd Infantry Division since May 2022.

Its deactivation as part of an Army transformation initiative came amid lingering concerns that U.S. President Donald Trump‘s administration could seek a ground troop reduction of the 28,500-strong U.S. Forces Korea (USFK) as part of an adjustment to better counter threats from an assertive China.

5-17 ACS is known to have had hundreds of personnel, as well as aviation and reconnaissance assets, including AH-64E Apache helicopters and RQ-7B Shadow drones. It is unclear whether the deactivation means the pullout of the unit’s personnel and assets or whether there will be a replacement unit.

Comment from the U.S. Army on the deactivation was not immediately available.

A day after the 5-17 ACS deactivation, the Army restructured the 2nd Infantry Division’s Combat Aviation Brigade Medical Evacuation (CAB MEDEVAC) unit, the CRS report said without elaboration.

5-17 ACS was activated in 2022, taking over the role of what had been rotational air cavalry squadrons to provide more stability to U.S. defense operations and enhance defense readiness in South Korea.

Speculation about a potential U.S. troop cut in Korea has persisted as Washington calls for Seoul to take greater responsibility for its own defense while seeking to bolster U.S. capabilities to better address potential China-related contingencies, including those related to Taiwan.

That speculation was reinforced as last year’s key security document between Seoul and Washington omitted language committing the U.S. to maintaining the “current” USFK troop level, with U.S. officials emphasizing the importance of “capabilities” rather than the troop numbers.

Last May, The Wall Street Journal reported that the U.S. was weighing the idea of pulling out roughly 4,500 troops from South Korea and moving them to other locations in the Indo-Pacific, including Guam. The Pentagon dismissed it as “not true,” reaffirming that America remains “fully” committed to the defense of South Korea.

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Dec. 31 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s broadcasting industry remained in a slump last year, with total revenue declining for a second consecutive year as terrestrial broadcasters posted steep drops in advertising income, regulators said Wednesday.

The Korea Communications Commission said total broadcasting industry revenue in 2024 fell 0.7% from 2023 to 18.832 trillion won (about $14.5 billion) in its “2024 Survey on the Status of the Domestic Broadcasting Industry.” The market first turned negative in 2023 after expanding every year since 2003, the commission said.

Terrestrial broadcasters, including digital multimedia broadcasting, recorded the largest decline by category, with revenue falling 5.4% to 3.5337 trillion won (about $2.7 billion), the commission said. The drop was driven by weaker advertising, historically the biggest income source for terrestrial channels.

Terrestrial advertising revenue declined 9.9% to 835.7 billion won (about $640 million) in 2024 after plunging 23.3% in 2023, according to the survey. Advertising accounted for 23.7% of terrestrial broadcast revenue in 2024, down from 47.4% in 2014, it said.

Cable television operators and satellite broadcasters also posted declines, with revenue down 2.9% and 3.6%, respectively, as subscription fees and home shopping carriage fees weakened, the commission said.

Total revenue for pay-TV operators, including cable and internet protocol television, edged up to 7.2361 trillion won (about $5.6 billion), but growth remained near flat, the survey said. IPTV was the main driver, with revenue rising 1.4% to 5.0783 trillion won (about $3.9 billion), the commission said, citing steady increases in subscription fees and home shopping transmission fees.

Home shopping program providers posted revenue of 3.4168 trillion won (about $2.6 billion), down 2.1% from the previous year, the commission said. TV home shopping sales continued to slide, while data-based home shopping sales rose 1.6% to 774.3 billion won (about $595 million), reversing a decline the year before.

Employment in the broadcasting industry also fell, the survey said, with the number of workers declining to 37,427 in 2024 from 38,299 in 2023. Terrestrial broadcasters recorded the sharpest employment drop, down 4.5%.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Dec. 31 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s two-year term as a non-permanent member of the U.N. Security Council ended Wednesday, with the Foreign Ministry saying Seoul led discussions on international peace and security and raised its profile as a responsible global power.

The ministry said South Korea served as Security Council president in September and used the role to steer talks during the high-level segment of the 80th U.N. General Assembly.

It was South Korea’s third stint as an elected Security Council member after terms in 1996-1997 and 2013-2014, the ministry said.

During the 2024-2025 term, South Korea pushed Council discussions on security threats linked to emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence and cybersecurity, the ministry said. It said President Lee Jae-myung became the first South Korean president to preside over a Security Council meeting, leading a session on AI and international peace and security.

The ministry said South Korea also contributed to talks on peacekeeping and peacebuilding, taking part in decisions related to U.N. peacekeeping operations and serving as a coordinator between the Security Council and the Peacebuilding Commission.

It said Seoul urged greater Council attention to nontraditional security issues including women, peace and security and climate change.

The ministry said the period of South Korea’s membership coincided with conflicts in multiple regions, including the war in Ukraine and tensions in the Middle East, underscoring the Council’s role. It said geopolitical rivalry and eroding trust in multilateralism limited Council action, but Seoul consistently emphasized respect for international law, including the U.N. Charter, and protection of civilians.

The ministry said South Korea worked to strengthen solidarity among elected members and promote dialogue between permanent and nonpermanent members.

It said the government plans to expand contributions to international peace and security based on the experience gained during the term, including efforts tied to what it described as a national policy task of building a “G7+ diplomatic powerhouse” through participation in the international community.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Dec. 30 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s Unification Ministry said Tuesday it will begin using the term “North Korean migrants” starting Jan. 1 in government and local authorities as a replacement for “North Korean defectors,” saying it will seek broader social consensus before pursuing a legal change.

Vice Unification Minister Kim Nam-joong said at a briefing at the Government Complex Seoul that the current term has long been debated because of what officials view as negative connotations and stigmatizing effects.

“The term ‘North Korean defectors’ has been subject to ongoing discussions for change due to its negative connotations and stigmatizing effects,” Kim said. He called on North Koreans who have resettled in the South to participate in using the new term so they can feel “even a little warmth” from society.

Kim said use of the new term would not be mandatory and the ministry would first apply it within government and local authorities before expanding it more broadly. He said the ministry plans to keep listening to views from North Koreans living in South Korea and to explain the government’s intent.

The ministry said it would push to adopt the term as a legal designation if it gains wider traction, after earlier efforts to shift terminology failed.

However, the ministry acknowledged resistance among North Koreans who have resettled in the South. In a survey conducted from Sept. 26 to Oct. 5 of 1,000 South Korean adults and 1,000 North Korean defectors, 53.4% of defectors opposed changing the term, while 63.5% of the general public supported a change, the ministry said.

Among defectors, the most preferred alternative was “freedom citizens” at 30.5%, followed by “northern migrants” at 29.8%, “unification citizens” at 18.8% and “northern immigrants” at 12.7%, the ministry said. Among the general public, “North Korean migrants” was the top choice at 31.8%, followed by “Northbound citizens” at 27.7% and “free citizens” at 22.2%.

A senior ministry official said the new term reflects what the ministry described as a “dual identity,” referring to North Korea as a homeland while recognizing citizenship in South Korea. The official said the ministry also gathered expert opinions in reaching its decision.

The ministry also announced additional measures related to resettlement support. It said educational smartphones will be provided individually to North Korean defectors during training at Hanawon and that it plans to allow autonomous internet use after work hours to expand access to information and enable family calls.

It also said visitation policies for Hanawon trainees will be expanded to include friends and acquaintances, with broader weekend visitation.

The ministry said Hanawon operations will be consolidated as the number of entrants declines, with the Hwacheon branch to be integrated into the main Anseong campus.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Dec. 30 (Asia Today) — South Korean companies plan to hire fewer workers through early next year, extending a cooling trend in the job market, the Labor Ministry said Tuesday.

The Ministry of Employment and Labor said in its 2025 second-half labor force survey that businesses with at least one employee planned total hiring of 467,000 for the fourth quarter of 2025 through the first quarter of 2026. That was down 64,000, or 12.1%, from the same period a year earlier.

The ministry also reported slower labor demand. As of Oct. 1, the number of workers businesses said they needed for normal operations stood at 449,000, down 78,000, or 14.8%, year-on-year. The labor shortage rate fell 0.4 percentage points to 2.4%.

Hiring plans diverged by company size. Firms with fewer than 300 employees planned to hire 410,000, down 69,000, or 14.4%, from a year earlier. Firms with 300 or more employees planned to hire 57,000, up 5,000, or 9.2%.

By industry, planned hiring fell in manufacturing, transportation and warehousing, construction and wholesale and retail trade. Manufacturing alone was down 15,000, the ministry said. Hiring plans rose in business facility management, business support and leasing services, as well as finance and insurance.

Other indicators also pointed to weakening momentum. In the third quarter, the number of job openings stood at 1.206 million, down 90,000 from a year earlier, while hires fell 68,000 to 1.105 million, the ministry said. Both measures increased among firms with 300 or more employees, widening the gap between large companies and small and medium-sized businesses.

A ministry official said overall hiring conditions have contracted as labor shortages eased, with the downturn most pronounced among smaller firms.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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The unification ministry said Wednesday it will prioritize confirming the fate of separated families’ relatives in North Korea if strained inter-Korean relations begin to improve.

Under the 2026-2028 plan for supporting families separated by the 1950-53 Korean War, the ministry said it will make efforts to resume exchanges between such divided families at the government level and facilitate civilian-level exchanges between them.

“When there is progress over inter-Korean relations, the government will prioritize confirming the fate of the families’ relatives in North Korea,” the ministry said.

Since the first inter-Korean summit in 2000, the two Koreas have held 21 rounds of separated family reunions. Since the last event in August 2018, state-arranged family events have been suspended amid frosty inter-Korean ties.

North Korea dismantled a reunion facility for separated families inside its Mount Kumgang tourist area after North Korean leader Kim Jong-un ordered officials in 2019 to tear down all “unpleasant-looking” facilities built by South Korea at the mountain resort.

The ministry said it will consider measures to replace the family reunions location and seek reciprocal visits to Seoul and Pyongyang by separated families in the two Koreas.

The issue of separated families has taken on urgency as more elderly people have died without having a chance to meet their kin in the North due to Pyongyang’s reluctance to hold family reunion events.

The number of surviving separated family members registered with the government came to 34,658 as of the end of November. Of them, 32 percent are aged 90 and older.

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Dec. 30 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s Unification Ministry said Tuesday that the public can now read North Korea’s state newspaper Rodong Sinmun at 181 designated outlets without special procedures such as separate identity checks or prior applications.

Vice Unification Minister Kim Nam-joong said at a briefing that visitors to institutions authorized to handle North Korean materials may view Rodong Sinmun “like any other general publication.” He said the ministry plans to broaden access to North Korea-related information so the public can independently compare and assess it.

The ministry said 181 institutions hold copies of Rodong Sinmun, with about 20 purchasing it regularly. It said anyone visiting those outlets may view the copies held there and that some procedures, including requirements tied to copying materials, have been simplified.

Rules governing the import of Rodong Sinmun into South Korea remain unchanged under customs regulations, the ministry said. Institutions not authorized to handle special materials still cannot import the paper, it said, adding it plans to discuss easing related restrictions with other agencies.

The ministry said it also plans to seek legal changes aimed at opening access to Rodong Sinmun and other North Korea-related sites online. About 60 North Korea-linked websites are currently blocked in South Korea, including Rodong Sinmun and the Korean Central News Agency, it said.

Unification Minister Chung Dong-young previously said the government would pursue a legal framework to expand access to North Korean materials, including broadcasts and publications. The ministry said an interagency consultative body met Dec. 26 and notified relevant agencies that Rodong Sinmun had been reclassified as general material, allowing broader public access.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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South Korea has announced it’s ending bear bile farming over animal cruelty concerns. The controversial industry was used for traditional medicine, but questions over its effectiveness knocked its popularity in recent years.

Dec. 28 (Asia Today) — Hanyang University business professor Lee Woong-hee said South Korean companies face structural disadvantages versus fast-rising Chinese rivals, citing China’s lack of inheritance and gift taxes and fewer work stoppages tied to strikes.

In a column, Lee said many in South Korea view China as a socialist system with low economic freedom, but argued Beijing has increasingly tolerated business autonomy since its “reform and opening-up” era. He pointed to China’s 2004 constitutional recognition of private property rights as an example of what he described as a bold shift, even though the state retains land ownership.

Lee argued China has absorbed Western institutions such as private property rights and joint-stock companies into its system, rebranding them as “new socialism,” and said Chinese scholars have promoted theoretical justifications for that approach.

Lee said China holds advantages that South Korean firms do not, starting with taxation. He wrote that China does not currently levy inheritance, estate or gift taxes, unlike South Korea, where high inheritance and gift tax burdens can pressure founders to sell companies rather than pass them on to heirs.

He also said China faces fewer production disruptions from strikes. Lee noted China removed the right to strike from its 1982 constitution and allows only the All-China Federation of Trade Unions as a legal union structure, limiting independent organizing.

While acknowledging an increase in labor disputes, Lee cited reports estimating 1,509 labor incidents in 2024 and argued they remained relatively small-scale and dispersed, with authorities preventing wider escalation.

Beyond taxes and labor, Lee said China benefits from deeper pools of engineering talent and stronger industrial support. He also argued South Korea’s industrial electricity rates are significantly higher than China’s, and said Beijing offers broad policy backing for strategic industries.

Lee wrote that China’s startup momentum appears stronger, citing surveys suggesting higher startup rates among Chinese graduates and pointing to global rankings that placed Beijing among leading startup cities. He said China ranks second globally in the number of unicorn companies after the United States.

Lee concluded that China’s older socialist traits appear to be fading and that its entrepreneurial culture is reasserting itself, arguing it may only be a matter of time before China becomes more business-friendly than South Korea.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Caption:Professor Lee Woong-hee of Hanyang University’s business school. /Asia Today

Dec. 28 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s Interior Ministry said Sunday that a long-criticized public-sector custom in which junior officials take turns paying for meals for senior executives has declined, as central and local governments expand measures such as anonymous reporting systems and Dutch pay.

Seoul’s city government has set up an anonymous reporting channel inside its electronic personnel system to curb the practice, known as “hosting days,” in which subordinates feel pressured to cover a superior’s meal. Reports can be filed anonymously by staff at headquarters or affiliated agencies, triggering investigations aimed at treating cases as an organizational issue rather than a personal complaint.

In South Jeolla Province, officials have promoted a “sympathy pay” campaign to formalize a Dutch treat principle under which each person pays their share. The province also banned the use of pooled office funds to cover department dinners or meal costs.

The Ministry of the Interior and Safety said its review of eradication efforts across central and local governments found “tangible improvements.” The custom refers to employees treating executives to meals at their own expense, a practice critics say undermines integrity and a horizontal workplace culture.

A joint survey by the Interior Ministry and the Personnel Innovation Ministry found that the share of central government employees who said they had paid for a superior’s meal in the past month fell to 7.7% in April from 10.1% in November last year. Among local government workers, the rate fell to 12.2% from 23.9% over the same period, a larger decline than in central agencies.

The ministry said agencies have combined integrity education with internal surveys, emphasizing awareness and voluntary participation rather than relying only on crackdowns or one-time campaigns. Efforts have also focused on changing communication patterns inside organizations, it said.

The Food and Drug Safety Ministry said its head personally urged elimination of the practice and operated an intensive reporting period. It also sought to ease hierarchical meal culture through events such as lunchtime communication sessions between senior officials and staff.

Asan, a city in South Chungcheong Province, held a “cushion word” contest to encourage softer expressions as part of broader efforts to reshape workplace culture starting with everyday language use. The Korea Forest Service promoted a “warm words” campaign to encourage communication based on mutual respect.

Programs aimed at narrowing generational and rank gaps are also expanding. The Personnel Innovation Ministry’s “Blue Out of Indigo” program allows young civil servants to share commuting-related difficulties with executives and seek improvements together. Gangwon Province’s “Lunch&Learn” runs as a reverse mentoring program, with Grade 6 and below employees mentoring senior officials during lunch breaks, officials said.

Other efforts pair employees across departments. The Overseas Koreans Agency runs a “Random Coffee” program that matches staff from different units. Buk-gu District in Gwangju subsidizes team discussion costs through a program called “A Spoonful of Communication,” which officials say is meant to encourage freer exchanges of opinion.

The Interior Ministry said it has held meetings with organizational culture officials across central and local governments along with the personnel ministry and the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission, while sharing best practices through official guidance and on-site discussions.

The ministry said it plans another joint survey with the Personnel Innovation Ministry in the first half of next year and will share best practices identified in the review. Vice Interior Minister Kim Min-jae said it was meaningful that agencies are continuing improvements tailored to their circumstances, adding that the goal is to eliminate unreasonable practices such as “executive day” and build a public service culture that supports open communication across generations and ranks.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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Dec. 26 (Asia Today) — South Korea’s Unification Ministry said Friday it will move ahead next week with administrative steps to make North Korea’s state newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, publicly accessible.

The ministry said a consultative meeting of supervisory agencies held Friday confirmed a consensus to reclassify Rodong Sinmun from “special materials” to “general materials,” clearing the way for broader public access.

Participants in the meeting included the Ministry of Unification, the National Intelligence Service, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and ICT and the Korea Communications Commission.

Following completion of required administrative procedures, including the issuance of official notices to supervisory and handling agencies, the ministry said the reclassification will take effect next week.

Deputy Unification Ministry spokesperson Jang Yun-jeong said earlier Friday that the government has been reviewing ways to expand public access to North Korean materials. She noted that many such materials, including Rodong Sinmun, are currently designated as special materials and can be handled only by authorized agencies.

In a written response submitted Thursday to the office of Yoon Gun-young, the intelligence service said it plans to decide on reclassification through interagency consultations, citing the public’s right to know and the promotion of inter-Korean exchanges.

The Unification Ministry also said it is pushing to amend the Information and Communications Network Act and enact a separate law on the management and use of North Korean materials, a move that would allow access to North Korean websites and publications such as Rodong Sinmun.

President Lee Jae-myung has said the public should not be treated as inherently vulnerable to propaganda or agitation.

The plan has drawn mixed reactions. Some experts have urged a cautious, phased opening of North Korean media, while others have called for countermeasures against Pyongyang’s sophisticated propaganda efforts and warned of potential cybersecurity risks from North Korean websites.

— Reported by Asia Today; translated by UPI

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