Dr Erdogan Nohuz, a Turkish-French obstetrician who flew to southern Turkey from Lyon to help with the medical response, hears from the nurse that the patient is in pre-labour. Emine, her face contorted in pain and anguish, says she isin her 40th week of pregnancy.

“My brother’s wife was pregnant. We were in the same week in our pregnancy,” she says. But her brother, his wife and their one-year-old daughter died when their building collapsed in the earthquake.

“They found them but they were not alive,” she says. “May God never give you a pain like this.”

More than 46,000 people have been confirmed dead in Turkey and Syria after two devastating earthquakes struck southeastern Turkey on February 6. Officials said the toll is expected to rise, as search and rescue teams continue to hunt for survivors amid the rubble, and an unknown number of people are missing.

“We see a lot of people suffering from anxiety,” says Nohuz, who has been sleeping in an office at the women’s clinic of the city’s Necip Fazil public hospital – the most fully functioning hospital in the city of nearly 400,000.

“We see delays in consultations of seven or eight days,” Nohuz said. “I saw some patients who had needed to get a cesarean for two or three days, and I performed them yesterday. And so far, we have no bad news.”

In another room, a nurse presents a Syrian woman with her newborn baby. The nurse has come from Ankara to cover shifts for colleagues that have taken leave to grieve family members or retrieve their bodies, or have evacuated from the city.

Dr Nohuz says half of the workers in the department have arrived from other Turkish provinces to help with the relief effort. Despite some cracks in the walls and nylon netting protecting staircases and the main hall, there are few signs of damage at the hospital.

“When we arrived, the acute period was relatively over,” says Dr Tugba Gayretli, a 35-year-old obstetrician from Ankara.

“We came here to help with healthcare provision and bring people back to a more normal life,” she said. “This is the only surviving hospital in the city that has a functioning operating room.”

A nearby hospital in the city appeared to be more heavily damaged with several cracks on the walls, entire wings were shrouded in darkness, and debris from broken windows and demolished walls were stacked outside the main entrance. The emergency department was still operating out of the basement.

A similar situation was unfolding at a smaller hospital in the town of Golbasi, in the province of Adiyaman. A doctor, who declined to be named, confirmed the hospital was “only open for emergencies” and a triage tent had been set up outside.

Many people from the surrounding region come to Kahranmanmaras to get help.

“Our tent has been very busy since the morning,” Kamal Malik, a physician and project coordinator at Doctors Worldwide Turkey, an NGO, tells Al Jazeera at the organisation’s field hospital set up for accident and emergency at a displaced people’s camp in the centre of the city. “People come from surrounding villages for medicine and healthcare.”

According to Vice President Fuat Oktay, more than a million people have been placed in temporary accommodation centres. Thousands of people were living in tents pitched outside their unsafe homes, taking advantage of the occasional shower and, sometimes, electricity connection. Some were still looking to obtain tents and continued to sleep in their cars in the meantime.

More than 13 million people across 10 provinces have been affected by the earthquakes, according to the government. At least 219,000 people have left the region, according to the latest figures published by AFAD, the government’s official rescue agency.

In the city centre of Kahranmanmaras, many of the displaced stayed at a camp set up in a stadium – usually home to the Kahramanmarasspor football club – not far from one of the hardest-hit areas in the city centre. At least 10 apartment buildings have collapsed in adjacent blocks in this neighbourhood in a working-class district of the city, which is home to many Syrian refugees.

Camp coordinators said it hosts about 3,000 people, including 1,200 children. The tents were overcrowded, there was a lack of toilets and hygiene facilities and there was no hot water.

Earlier this week, the WHO warned of “growing concerns over emerging health issues linked to the cold weather, hygiene and sanitation, and the spread of infectious diseases – with vulnerable people especially at risk.” Access to clean water and sanitation are essential to prevent water-borne diseases such as cholera.

Ilknur Arvas, a volunteer nurse from Istanbul, said she has treated dozens of people for diarrhoea across three days at the camp, both adults and children.

There are also emotional and psychological challenges.

“Adults and children are different,” said Nursena Ogru, a 24-year-old psychologist with Doctors Worldwide from Batman, a city in the southeast of Turkey.

“For adults, the pain is immense, they lost everything,” she told Al Jazeera. “Most children under 10 can’t understand what’s going on here, what happened to them. But some children understand and they say Kahranmanmaras has disappeared.”