Trinidad and Tobago proclaimed its independence from Britain on August 31st 1962 with Queen Elizabeth II remaining as the head of state. 

In 1976, Trinidad and Tobago decided to abolish the monarchy and become a republic within the Commonwealth. On August 1st 1976, the new constitution was promulgated, and the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago was proclaimed, with the last Governor-General, Sir Ellis Clarke, becoming the first President. 

The 1st Republican Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago held its first session on September 24th 1976. It is this date that is marked by Republic Day. 

In a move to limit the number of public holidays, Republic Day was not celebrated from 1999 to 2001. 

Trinidad and Tobago holds its National Awards ceremony on Republic Day to honour citizens who have made a significant contribution to the country. From Independence in 1962 until 2017, the ceremony was held on Independence Day. According to President Carmona, the ceremony was moved to Republic Day as it “would bring greater awareness of the true meaning and importance of the holiday”.