The ruling against Putin’s most prominent opponent is on top of an 11-and-a-half-year sentence that he is already serving.
The court ruled “to uphold the decision” by Moscow City Court against Alexey Navalny after a hearing on Tuesday.
The proceedings were closed to the media apart from the reading of the verdict, despite protests from his lawyers. The defendant took part by video link wearing a black prison uniform.
Navalny, 47, is by far the best-known figure in Russia’s splintered opposition, with supporters casting him as a Nelson Mandela-style figure who will one day be freed from jail to lead the country.
His political movement has been outlawed and its key figures have been jailed or fled abroad as part of a Kremlin crackdown on dissent that has intensified since Putin sent his troops into Ukraine last year.
The latest sentence was imposed on August 4 after Navalny was convicted on six charges related to alleged “extremist activity“, all of which he denied.
The latest sentence was on top of 11 and a half years he was already serving at the IK-6 penal colony at Melekhovo, about 235km (146 miles) east of Moscow, on fraud and other charges, which he also rejected as politically motivated and designed to silence his criticism of President Vladimir Putin.
Daniel Kholodny, a TV technician who worked for Navalny, was sentenced to eight years in jail in August as part of the same trial. His appeal was also rejected on Tuesday.
“Alexey, see you!” Kholodny shouted before the video feed ended. Navalny waved his hand in response.
The Kremlin has sought to portray Navalny as politically irrelevant, and Putin makes a point of never speaking his name. Russian officials portray him as an extremist and, without providing evidence, as a puppet of the United States’ Central Intelligence Agency.
Navalny earned admiration around the world for voluntarily returning to Russia in 2021 from Germany, where he underwent treatment for what Western laboratory tests showed was an attempt to poison him with a nerve agent in Siberia.
He was immediately arrested on arrival. The Kremlin denied it had tried to have him killed, with Putin commenting: “If someone had wanted to poison him, they would have finished him off.”