Water levels on rivers in Russia and Kazakhstan continue to rise and flood whole villages and cities, with more than 100,000 people evacuated and the Kremlin warning a “very, very tense” situation was expected to worsen.

Fast-melting snow and ice has caused rivers in Russia’s southern Urals, western Siberia as well as northern Kazakhstan to reach unprecedented heights, threatening major cities.

Moscow and Astana have been battling the rising rivers for more than five days, with both declaring a state of emergency and saying the floods were the worst in decades. “The situation is very, very tense,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said. “The water is continuing to rise. Large [amounts of] water are coming to new regions.”

Peskov said President Vladimir Putin thus far had no plans to visit the flood zone, saying he was being briefed all the time.

Neighbouring Kazakhstan on Wednesday said that it had evacuated 96,272 people since the start of the floods – a figure 10,000 higher than the day before.

Russia said it had evacuated more than 7,700 people, mostly from the worst-hit Orenburg region.

The Ural River had already almost entirely flooded the city of Orsk and had now reached the streets of the regional capital Orenburg.

Officials in the city of 550,000 people said water levels had risen 81cm (32 inches) over the last 24 hours.

The city had not seen such floods since at least 1947, local officials said.

The Ural River depth in Orenburg stood at 996cm (33 feet) on Wednesday morning, well above the “critical level” of 930cm (30.5 feet).

“According to expert forecasts, today it will rise again by another 30-70 centimetres [12-28 inches],” the city administration warned on Telegram. It called on all residents in potential flood areas to “leave immediately”.

In Orsk, rescuers published images of themselves travelling through flooded streets and rescuing kittens from roofs.

Floods are also expected to worsen in the western Siberian city of Kurgan – near the Kazakh border, where 300,000 people live and where the Tobol River has also been swelling.

Local emergency services published images of residents and workers putting bags of sand on the river banks as sirens rang out across the city.

Authorities said the river had risen by 23cm (9 inches) in a day.

Russia’s Emergency Minister Alexander Kurenko was visiting the neighbouring Tyumen region, also affected by the floods.

He said the situation was more “stable” there but instructed officials to warn locals of rising water “on time”.