Khanna, who is the co-chair of the Congressional India Caucus, is leading a bipartisan congressional delegation to the country of his parents’ birth, where he has met Indian government officials, and business and technology leaders.

On Monday, Iyer-Mitra posted a photograph with Khanna on X, the social media platform formerly known as Twitter, and said: “Had a very productive breakfast meeting with @RoKhanna. Free & frank exchange of views. I thank the congressman for his candour & his perspicacity, as well as striving to improve India-US relations.”

Had a very productive breakfast meeting with @RoKhanna. Free & frank exchange of views. I thank the congressman for his candour & his perspicacity, as well as striving to improve India-US relations. pic.twitter.com/4tB4p2sQnY

— Abhijit Iyer-Mitra (@Iyervval) August 14, 2023

In response, Khanna wrote: “Great conversation @Iyervval! Appreciated the candid exchange, your insights about the US India relationship, and the back and forth.”

The Indian-American Muslim Council, an advocacy group based in the US, said it was “deeply disappointed to see Khanna engaging with a far-right Islamophobe”, and condemned him for embracing those who “enable [this] cycle of hate and violence” against Muslims.

Since Prime Minister Narendra came to power in 2014, Muslims have faced increasing attacks, including lynchings on mere suspicion of cow smuggling. Many Muslim activists have been thrown into jail for protesting against the government’s anti-Muslim policies.

On August 1, a Hindu mob killed a deputy imam of a mosque in Gurugram city next to the capital, New Delhi, a day after deadly sectarian violence in a neighbouring district in Haryana state. Hundreds of Muslim houses have been demolished by state authorities without following due process in what activists say is a “collective punishment” against the minority community.

A religious freedom watchdog, for the fourth year in a row, in May recommended that the Indian government be added to a blacklist. In its annual report, the US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) called on the Department of State to designate India as a “country of particular concern” for the worsening conditions of minorities in the South Asian country of 1.4 billion people.

We are deeply disappointed to see @RoKhanna engaging with a far-right Islamophobe who called Khanna’s own colleague @Ilhan @IlhanMN a “terrorist” & “Al Qaeda.”

Last week, during our meeting, you pledged to stand with the victims. Yet, you’ve embraced those who enable this cycle… https://t.co/Id03NgtMJ4

— Indian American Muslim Council (@IAMCouncil) August 15, 2023

Iyer-Mitra has been accused of promoting an Islamophobic narrative through his tweets.

Last October, he called Khanna’s Muslim colleague, Congresswoman Ilhan Omar, a “jihadi” after her sharp exchange with an Indian journalist during a US House Foreign Affairs Committee hearing on “Human Rights in South Asia” in Washington, DC.

As part of the Democratic Party’s Progressive wing, which also includes Omar, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Rashida Tlaib among others, Khanna has vowed to reject Hindu nationalism.

Wow!!! Jihadi @IlhanMN just levelled a set of slanderous Pakistani talking points at @AartiTikoo & then doesn’t give her the chance to respond turning to Fai’s lil ISI muppet Angana Chatterji. Choreographed misuse of her prerogative.

— Abhijit Iyer-Mitra (@Iyervval) October 22, 2019

Iyer-Mitra has also spoken and written on Israel’s occupation of Gaza and the West Bank and has said India has “a lot to learn” from the Israeli use of force and intelligence in the occupied Palestinian territory. He has opposed terming Israel’s occupation as apartheid.

Journalists and academics based in the US and India have criticised Khanna for meeting Iyer-Mitra, calling on the congressman to “apologise” to his Democrat colleague Omar and issue a “forceful statement” against Iyer-Mitra.

Khanna has responded to the criticism by saying he met Iyer-Mitra as he had “sharply criticized my grandfather (see his past posts on me) and we met so I could stand up for my grandfather legacy as a freedom fighter. [India Independence hero Mahatma] Gandhi had a philosophy of engaging with almost anyone – including British colonizers.”

The 46-year-old who represents California’s 17th Congressional District said his “core values have never changed” after meeting people he doesn’t agree with.

I’m often criticized for speaking with people I disagree. But I continue to think we shouldn’t shy away from debates and opportunities to engage people who have different ideologies. My core values have never changed as a result of meeting people. @azadessa @ShabanaMir1… https://t.co/IhXRVokcjU

— Ro Khanna (@RoKhanna) August 16, 2023

‘Appeasing his Indian backers and electorate in US’

Khanna played a key role in calling for Prime Minister Modi to address a joint seating of the US Congress on his July trip to the US capital. He authored a bipartisan letter and said “the way to make progress on human rights is to engage with the Indian PM”.

He has justified his endorsement of Modi saying the Indian prime minister is democratically elected and that he would continue to speak against the human rights violations.

“It’s the duty of every American politician of Hindu faith to stand for pluralism, reject Hindutva, and speak for equal rights for Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhist & Christians. That is the vision of India my grandfather Amarnath Vidyalankar fought for,” he had posted on X four years ago in response to an article on the rise of Hindutva – an ideology that calls for the supremacy of Hindus in India – in the US.

Khanna’s meeting with Iyer-Mitra has been termed an act of appeasement by a US-based academic.

“When he goes and meets with people like Abhijeet [Iye-Mitra] or others who are to the right of Indian Hindutva, he is basically appeasing his Indian backers and electorate in the US,” Mohamad Junaid, an assistant professor at Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts in New York, told Al Jazeera.

Junaid said Khanna represents “the broader character of Hindu Indian diaspora in the US, which often votes for democratic candidates but is also highly radicalised by the Hindutva movement in India and votes for Modi”.

According to the academic, the congressman is trying to align himself with the liberal wing of the Democratic Party but does not want to alienate the Hindu diaspora, which is a big overseas financier.

“He [Khanna] knows what he is doing – he wants to run with the hare and hunt with the hound.”

Khanna has also been questioned for not meeting Indian opposition leaders or minority representatives during his trip.

The article is paywalled, so I don’t really know to what extent Rep Khanna met with Muslim, Christian, Sikh, and Dalit leaders, or with communities affected by the hateful rhetoric of Abhijit Iyer (whom he did meet).

— professor mir (@ShabanaMir1) August 15, 2023

In June, Khanna hosted Modi in Washington — Modi shouted: ‘Ro Khanna, keep up the good work!’

Now in August, Modi hosts Khanna delegation in Delhi — Modi speech: ‘I am happy, members of US Congress are here’.

But — will CODEL also meet non-BJP leaders?, and democracy advocates? pic.twitter.com/icKv2efqnv

— Tejasvi Nagaraja (@TejNagaraja) August 15, 2023