The comments, issued on Tuesday, marked the conclusion of a three-day meeting in the Japanese resort town of Karuizawa.

The G7 communique also criticised North Korea over its nuclear and ballistic missile programme, expressed concern over the violence in Sudan and Myanmar and called on the Taliban to reverse its ban on women working for non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and the United Nations.

The document was prepared as a template for global leaders to use at a G7 summit that will be held in Hiroshima, Japan next month, and also included language about Iran, nuclear proliferation and other “grave threats”.

Two crises stood out: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and China’s increasing assertiveness against, and military manoeuvres around, Taiwan, the self-governing democracy that Beijing claims as its own.

But it was Russia’s invasion of Ukraine that was the focus of the summit.

The group, which comprises the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Canada, said, “There can be no impunity for war crimes and other atrocities such as Russia’s attacks against civilians and critical civilian infrastructure.”

“We remain committed to intensifying sanctions against Russia, coordinating and fully enforcing them,” the ministers said, and would support “for as long as it takes” Ukraine as it defends itself.

Russia’s current offensive is largely stalled and Ukraine is preparing a counteroffensive, but there is widespread global worry about Russian President Vladimir Putin’s repeated threats to use tactical nuclear weapons.

“Russia’s irresponsible nuclear rhetoric and its threat to deploy nuclear weapons in Belarus are unacceptable,” the ministers said.

They added that any use of chemical, biological or nuclear weapons in Ukraine “would be met with severe consequences”.

Putin had said last month that Russia would station shorter-range, so-called tactical nuclear weapons on its neighbour’s territory, a move that marked the first time Moscow had said it would place nuclear weapons on the territory of another country since the end of the Cold War three decades ago, and appeared to raise the stakes, at least symbolically.

Taiwan, North Korea

On China, the G7 ministers reiterated their call for China to act as a responsible member of the international community, agreeing that peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait was “an indispensable element in the security and prosperity in the international community”.

The ministers reiterated that there was “no legal basis” for China’s expansive maritime claims in the South China Sea, and opposed Beijing’s militarisation activities in the region.

On North Korea, the statement demanded Pyongyang “refrain” from further nuclear tests and ballistic missiles, warning of a “swift, united, and robust international response” should such actions continue.

The warning comes days after North Korea said it had successfully tested a solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), hailing it as a breakthrough for the country’s nuclear counterattack capabilities.

That launch was the latest in a string of banned weapons tests conducted by North Korea, which has already fired several of its most powerful ICBMs this year.

“We strongly condemn North Korea’s unprecedented number of unlawful ballistic missile launches, including the April 13 launch of what North Korea claimed as a solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile,” the G7 ministers said.

“Each of these launches violated multiple United Nations Security Council resolutions,” they added.

Sudan, Myanmar

On Sudan, the ministers urged General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, who heads the military, and his rival, Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, who commands the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), to “end hostilities immediately” and return to negotiations.

The fighting, which erupted on Saturday over a disagreement on integrating the RSF into Sudan’s military, has killed nearly 200 people and forced the closure of the country’s international airport.

The G7 ministers warned that the fighting “threatens the security and safety of Sudanese civilians and undermines efforts to restore Sudan’s democratic transition”.

They urged a return to negotiations and called on all sides to “take active steps to reduce tensions and ensure the safety of all civilians, including diplomatic and humanitarian personnel”.

The ministers also condemned the ongoing violence in Myanmar, where the military staged a coup two years ago and is engaged in nationwide battles with civilian militias opposed to its rule, expressing deep concern over the deteriorating security and humanitarian situation in the Southeast Asian country.

They also slammed the Taliban’s “systematic abuses of human rights of women and girls”, denouncing the group’s bans on female higher education and work.

“We call for the immediate reversal of unacceptable decisions restricting human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the latest bans prohibiting Afghan women from working for NGOs and the UN,” they said.